European Rehabilitation Journal is the journal of the French Physiotherapy Society (SFP) gathering more than 2000 members of all field of Physiotherapy and aiming to empower the profession offering the best available research in the rehabilitation field. The choice to have an open access system via OJS was a strong will of the SFP and its members. We want to make research evidence freely accessible for professionals and researchers.
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Introducing the Cochrane Rehabilitation, Functioning, and Disability Thematic Group: Enhancing the Evidence Base in Rehabilitation
Copyright (c) 2025 Carlotte Kiekens, Stefano Negrini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Lumbar Stress fracture in a young basketball athlete
Background: Lumbar stress fractures are a common yet often underdiagnosed cause of low back pain in adolescent athletes, particularly those involved in sports with repetitive spinal loading. Spondylolysis, a stress fracture of the pars interarticularis, represents the most frequent etiology in this population and requires careful evaluation and management to prevent chronic pain or progression to spondylolisthesis. Case Presentation: A 17-year-old male basketball player presented with progressive low back pain exacerbated by sports activities, which acutely worsened during a rapid trunk rotation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a unilateral stress fracture of the right pars interarticularis at L5, associated with bone marrow edema extending to the ipsilateral transverse process and paraspinal musculature. Management and Outcome: A conservative treatment plan was implemented, consisting of activity modification, nightly pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy, and a structured physiotherapy program emphasizing pain-free mobility, muscle balance, and motor control. The diagnosis was established early through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) staging, and rehabilitation was guided by objective criteria, including pain scores and functional testing. The athlete achieved complete symptom resolution and returned to full basketball participation within 11 weeks, without recurrence of pain. Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of early MRI-based diagnosis and individualized conservative management in adolescent athletes with lumbar stress fractures. MRI is an essential tool for early detection and staging, enabling a symptom-guided rehabilitation approach that facilitates safe and timely return to sport.
basketball; stress fracture; low back pain; return to play
Copyright (c) 2026 Samuele Perissinotto, Edoardo Franze, Matteo Xalle, Giovanni Basso, Edoardo Zanetti, Alberto De Bei, Michelangelo Beggio, Federico Munarin, Simone Cerciello, Matteo Guzzini, Stefano Palermi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Level of mobility and time to first out of bed mobilization ina neurosurgical ICU - A Brief Report
Background: Hospitalization in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) can lead to long-term physical, cognitive, and psychological impairments, collectively named Post-Intensive Care Syndrome. Individuals with acquired brain injury are at high risk, yet data on ICU mobility in this population remain limited. Early mobilization may prevent complications and improve recovery, but is challenging in neurocritical care. Objectives: To describe the level of mobility in a neurosurgical ICU and explore factors associated with mobility outcomes. Methods: This single-center, retrospective observational study included adults hospitalized >24 hours in a neurosurgical ICU. Daily mobility was recorded using the ICU Mobility Scale (IMS). Primary outcome was the distribution of mobility levels. Secondary outcomes included frequency of out-of-bed mobilization, maximal IMS score, time from in-bed to out-of-bed mobility, and factors influencing these outcomes. Results: Among 160 individuals included (median age 51 years (Q1-Q3 41–61), 45% female), 2,692 patient-days were analyzed. Median IMS was 1 (0-1). Out-of-bed mobilization occurred on 17% of days and was achieved a median 4 days (2-7) after first in-bed mobility in 76% of cases. Median maximal IMS during ICU stay was 5 (3-5). A higher initial Glasgow Coma Scale score was associated with a shorter time to out-of-bed mobilization, and longer ICU stays were linked to delayed mobilization. Conclusions: Early mobilization in the neurosurgical ICU is often limited, with most achieving out-of-bed mobility before discharge despite low maximal mobility levels. Further studies on factors influencing mobility are needed to optimize the clinical impact of early mobilization in this population.
Copyright (c) 2026 Henri de Noray, Audrey Lallemant, Cloé Commeau, Vincent Degos, Alice Jacquens https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Rethinking where and how we publish in health sciences
Over the past few decades, scientific publishing has undergone significant transformations evolving from a print-based system to a digitised and globally accessible ecosystem. While this shift has facilitated faster dissemination and broader access to knowledge, it has also exposed systemic weaknesses, including the profiteering by major commercial publishers and persistent inequities in the publishing landscape. This opinion article aims to educate researchers in rehabilitation sciences and the broader health sciences who are unfamiliar with scholarly publishing models and practices, with the goal of fostering more accessible, equitable, and sustainable knowledge production and dissemination. We critically examine the limitations of traditional subscription models, as well as pay-to-publish open access (gold with article processing fees) and hybrid models, highlighting their financial and systemic barriers. In contrast, we advocate for more equitable alternatives: the free-to-readers and free-to-authors model (diamond open access), which typically involves publishing costs covered by academic institutions or public funders, and self-archiving (green open access). We also discuss the increasing importance of preprints and peer-reviewed preprints (peer-print articles) in decoupling knowledge dissemination from conventional journal publication. We argue for greater recognition of these latter models in academic evaluation and for institutional support of open infrastructures. We recommend broader reforms, including replacing authorship with contributorship, shifting the focus from novelty to reproducibility and transparency, and eliminating the journal impact factor as a criterion for evaluation. Collectively, these recommendations aim to reinforce a scholarly publishing ecosystem that prioritises equity, rigour, and the collective advancement of science.
Copyright (c) 2026 Leigh-Ann Butler, Matthieu P. Boisgontier https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Exploration of changes in understanding and coping strategies among low back pain participants following a short multidisciplinary rehabilitation program with a pain neuroscience education component: a qualitative study alonside a randomized controlled trial
Context: A clinical trial was recently conducted to compare the efficacy of pain neuroscience education (PNE) with spinal physiology and ergonomics education as part of a short multidisciplinary rehabilitation program (MRP) in patients with persistent low back pain (LBP). A qualitative study could provide additional context for these results. Objective: To explore change in understanding and coping strategies in participants with persistent LBP who received PNE as part of a one-week MRP. Methods: Four medical residents conducted semi-structured interviews of 12 patients with PLBP and who had participated in a one-week multidisciplinary rehabilitation program including a PNE component. Audio recordings were analyzed thematically by three physiotherapists. Results: The prespecified themes of understanding and coping were present in the data and analyzed with regard to change. Other themes – other forms of learning, other barriers to change, satisfaction and criticisms – also emerged. Pain reconceptualization was frequently associated with new adaptive coping strategies. However conceptual change was found in only half of the participants and does not always appear to be sufficient to lead to changes in coping strategies for pain. Other forms of learning (e.g. experiential learning) and non-educational factors (e.g. motivational ones) also seem to influence conceptual and coping change. Satisfactions (e.g. innovative nature of the approach) and criticisms (e.g. lack of interaction and insufficient connection to everyday life) were reported by certain some participants. Conclusion: Strategies that promote conceptual change, safety perception, and behavioral change are likely to improve the outcomes of PNE within an MRP.
multidisciplinary rehabilitation program
Copyright (c) 2025 Dr Nicolas ADENIS, Florence Happillon, Marguerite Dontenwille, Valérie Wieczorek, André Thevenon https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The Effectiveness of Pelvic Floor Muscle Rehabilitation inFemale Athletes with Urinary Incontinence: A Systematic Review
Background: High-level sports activities in female athletes carry a significant risk of triggering urinary incontinence due to the sudden increase in abdominal pressure during movement. Objective: The objective of this systematic review is to assess the effectiveness of pelvic floor muscle training in nulliparous female athletes for the prevention and treatment of urinary incontinence. Method: Following the PRISMA guidelines, this systematic review of randomized controlled trials was conducted using two main search engines – PubMed and Science Direct, and included scientific articles published over the last fifteen years. This review focused on the PICO framework to identify studies eligible for inclusion. Nulliparous female athletes, aged over or equal to 18 years, with a body mass index ranging between 18 and 30 kg/m2, and who were suffering from urinary incontinence, were included. The intervention consisted of pelvic floor muscle training, and the comparison groups consisted of athletes with or without additional interventions. The outcomes focused on the prevention and treatment of urinary incontinence, including symptom reduction, improvement in pelvic floor function, and increase in overall continence. Only randomized controlled trials, published in either French or English were included. Results: One-hundred and twenty-seven articles were identified, reviewed, and checked according to the inclusion criteria, and only eight articles were eligible for inclusion. The studies were analysed and evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool (RoB 2). The results showed that pelvic floor muscle training in female athletes reduces urinary incontinence regardless of the technique used. Additionally, pelvic floor muscle training, which includes pelvic floor awareness, strengthening, and increasing contraction power, and pre-activation of pelvic floor contraction during sports activities, can help prevent pelvic dysfunctions, particularly urinary incontinence. Conclusion: In conclusion, this systematic review highlights the importance of integrating pelvic floor muscle training into physical preparation programs of female athletes to prevent and manage urinary incontinence. Early intervention and structured training protocols can help mitigate any pelvic dysfunctions in female athletes and improve their performance and quality of life.
Copyright (c) 2026 Layal Koberssy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Exploring the Impact of Neck Muscle Vibration on Visual search in an ecological environment: Insights from a Museum Study: a brief report.
Background: Ecological research provides authentic insights into behavior and sensory integration. Neck muscle vibration (NMV) influences proprioception and gaze control, yet its effects in natural settings remain underexplored. Objectives: This study assessed the impact of NMV on visual search and postural activity in a museum setting while addressing methodological challenges of ecological research. Methods: Seventeen older adults (66–79 years) participated in visual search tasks on three large paintings at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts. Eye-tracking technology and lumbar accelerometer recorded gaze and postural activity under three conditions: no vibration, left NMV, and right NMV. Gaze shifts were analyzed through heatmaps and confidence intervals of gaze extremities. Postural data were compared using non-parametric tests. Results: NMV induced small, nonspecific gaze shifts (2.8°–2.9°) beyond control conditions, with behaviors varying between ipsilateral and contralateral shifts. Postural activity showed no significant differences during static tasks but revealed task-dependent changes during visual search for certain paintings. Inter-painting variability and participant-specific visual strategies complicated comparisons. Discussion: The ecological setting modulated NMV effects on gaze, highlighting individual differences in sensory integration. Results diverged from laboratory studies, where conditions are more controlled. Methodological challenges included variability in gaze patterns and confounding factors like arm movements. Future research should incorporate virtual simulations and standardized stimuli to refine ecological methodologies and reduce variability.
Copyright (c) 2025 Karim Jamal, Noémie C Duclos, Youssef EL KHAMLICHI, Isabelle Bonan, Cyril Duclos, Frédérique Poncet https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Implicit and Explicit Attitudes Toward People With Physical Disabilities among Clinicians, Rehabilitation Assistants, and Other Occupations: A Comparative Study
Objective: Ableism is rooted in attitudes that influence behaviors and decisions toward people with disabilities. To assess whether these attitudes vary by occupation, we compared the preferences for people with and without physical disabilities between clinicians, rehabilitation assistants, and individuals in other professions. Methods: Data from 213,191 participants, collected online through Project Implicit, were analyzed, including 6445 clinicians, 3482 rehabilitation assistants, and 203,264 individuals in other occupations. Implicit attitudes were assessed using D-scores derived from the Implicit Association Test. Explicit attitudes were assessed using a Likert scale. Regression models were conducted to examine the association between occupation groups and attitudes toward people with and without physical disabilities, while controlling for demographic variables. Results: Clinicians and rehabilitation assistants showed both an implicit and explicit preference for people without physical disabilities. Implicit attitudes of clinicians and rehabilitation assistants were equivalent to those in other occupations. Compared to other occupations, clinicians had more unfavorable explicit attitudes toward people with physical disabilities, whereas rehabilitation assistants had more favorable ones. Older age, male sex, and no personal experience of disability were associated with less favorable attitudes toward people with physical disabilities. Associations with education, race, geographic region, and year of data collection were also observed. Conclusions: This study provides evidence suggesting the persistence of ableist attitudes among clinicians and rehabilitation assistants. Moreover, implicit attitudes were similar to those of other occupations, while explicit attitudes of clinicians were even slightly less favorable. Impact: Our findings suggest that despite ongoing educational shifts toward more inclusive approaches, the longstanding framework of disability as an abnormality to be normalized may still affect healthcare practitioners. This underscores the need for continued efforts to address ableism not only in healthcare, but throughout society, by promoting disability-inclusive education and training.
Copyright (c) 2025 Matthieu P. Boisgontier https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Development and validation of a script concordance test to assess clinical reasoning in physiotherapy students focusing on lower limb tendinopathies
Background: Tendinopathies are prevalent, complex musculoskeletal conditions that challenge clinical decision-making. While various tools have been developed to assess clinical reasoning across health professions, the Script Concordance Test (SCT) has shown promise as a context-sensitive method, though its application in physiotherapy particularly for tendinopathy has not been explored. Objective: This study aimed to develop and assess the reliability and validity of an SCT administered to final-year physiotherapy students and experts, focusing on the diagnosis and treatment of lower limb tendinopathies. Method: Three experts in musculoskeletal disorders developed the script concordance test (SCT) with a structured three-phase process. They created 16 clinical scenarios focused on lower limb tendinopathies, resulting in a preliminary version of the test composed of 48 items. These items were administered online to a panel of 15 expert physiotherapists and 50 final-year physiotherapy students from the Université Libre de Bruxelles. Results: After optimization, the SCT demonstrated an internal consistency, reflected by a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.69. A statistically highly significant difference (P<0.001) was noted between the two groups. The average score for students was 61.3 (±8.4), whereas experts scored 74.6 (±6.4). Conclusion: The results suggest that our SCT sequence is valid and reliable when it comes to distinguishing clinical reasoning levels between students and experts from our sample on the management of lower limb tendinopathies. This study highlights the potential of a context-specific SCT sequence to assess clinical reasoning in physiotherapy students and experts managing lower limb tendinopathies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jeremy Vanderweyen, Gérard Ndacayisaba, Joachim Van Cant https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The social impact of digital tools in exercise rehabilitation: Insights into professional practices, a cross sectional study
Context Telerehabilitation uses digital tools to provide rehabilitation care to patients at a distance. Several factors may influence the position taken by professionals on its social usefulness in the context of exercise rehabilitation. Objective The aim of the study is to assess the social usefulness of digital tools for exercise rehabilitation among professionals and to identify the factors associated with their position (favourable or unfavourable). Methods This is an observational study. A questionnaire was distributed online via sphinx online in order to obtain the opinion of exercise training professionals (physiotherapists and kinesiologists) on the social usefulness of digital tools in their practice. The questionnaire comprised 47 questions grouped into four main themes (personal information, professional information, knowledge of digital tools and perception of their advantages and disadvantages). Results 46 professionals responded to the questionnaire, including 31 physiotherapists. 26.1% of the professionals questioned had initially used a digital tool and 69.5% perceived its social usefulness. The main factors linked to the usefulness of digital tools were: workload, working in a rural area and previous use of digital tools. Conclusion This study highlights the parameters associated with professionals' perception of the social usefulness of digital tools for exercise rehabilitation. The study could offer specific avenues for facilitating the development and use of telerehabilitation tools and, above all, remote exercise rehabilitation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Kokouvi Geovani Agbohessou, Justine Lacroix, Fanny Thomas, Stéphane Mandigout https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Correlation between Breath Hold Time and Nijmegen Questionnaire scores among patients referred to respiratory physiotherapy practice for Hyperventilation Syndrome – a retrospective study
Background: While there is an increasing interest given to Hyperventilation Syndrome (HVS), there is also a lack of consistency in the literature concerning its diagnosis and treatment. Breath Hold Time (BHT) is a simple, feasible clinical test already used in other conditions. It’s thought to be the reflect of peripheral chemoreflex sensitivity. To our knowledge, no data confirms its utility in identifying HSV. Objective: The primary aim of this study was to assess the correlation between NQ scores and subscores and the Breath-Holding Time (BHT) in patients seeking consultation with a physiotherapist for HVS. Method: We conducted a retrospective study in an ambulatory respiratory physiotherapy practice. Nijmegen Questionnaire (NQ) scores and BHT were extracted from patient’s files attending their first physiotherapy session between march 2018 and march 2022. Correlation between NQ scores and BHT was calculated using Pearson’s test. Optimal cut-off for BHT was calculated with a Receiver Operating Characteristic curve and BHT sensitivity and specificity were calculated. Results: 109 patients files meeting inclusion criteria were included. A low negative correlation (-0.302) between BHT and NQ total score was found. Sensitivity and specificity, using an NQ score ≥ 23 as the case definition, were 0.558 and 0.714, respectively. Conclusion: These preliminary results show a low negative correlation between BHT and HVS symptoms.
Copyright (c) 2026 Grégoire Passard, Bertrand Selleron https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Ahead of time : generative AI policies for European Rehabilitation Journal
Copyright (c) 2025 Matthieu Guémann, Clément Médrianl https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Copyright (c) 2025 Manon Labarchède https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Postural Analysis of Idiopathic Toe Walking in Children: A Systematic Review
Background: Approximately 5% of children aged 5 to 15, regardless of gender, are diagnosed with Idiopathic Toe Walking without a medical cause, when the condition persists for more than six months. These Children often display coordination issues and biomechanical disturbances during dynamic movements. Kinetic, kinematic and electromyography data are crucial for understanding these adaptations to clarify the neurophysiological processes that regulate posture. Authors have also developed classifications based on clinical, morphological, or kinematic parameters. Objective: This systematic review aims to analyze postural adaptation in children with Idiopathic Toe Walking by examining kinetic and kinematic parameters, as well as muscle activity. Method: Articles were selected following PRISMA guidelines, considering relevance to the research question and methodological quality. A comprehensive search strategy was employed across four databases. Article screening and data extraction were independently conducted by two reviewers to ensure methodological rigor. The methodological quality of the trials was assessed in using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Scale. Results: The searches yielded a total of 681 results, and 6 articles were included in this systematic review. Electromyographic analyses revealed atypical muscle activation patterns in children with idiopathic toe walking, including premature gastrocnemius activity during swing phase and increased coactivation during resisted tasks, indicating altered neuromuscular control. Kinematic assessments identified reduced passive ankle dorsiflexion and early heel rise, quantified by a specific index (HR32), reflecting impaired gait stability. Kinetic findings showed increased plantar flexion moments and early-phase ankle power absorption, highlighting biomechanical adaptations consistent with equinus gait. Discussion: Measured activations of gastrocnemius and soleus during Idiopathic Toe Walking could be interpreted as dictated by equinus biomechanics rather than by pathology alone. The kinetic and kinematic approach allows practitioners to understand postural compensations related to equinus in Idiopathic Toe Walking and determine classifications and treatments based on ankle movements and force moments. Conclusion: These results emphasize the importance of early physiotherapeutic intervention before the age of six to address postural adjustments in relation to the child’s ontogenetic motor development. Descriptions of lower limb muscle activity in this gait help physiotherapists determine exercise intensity to manage muscle fatigue
Copyright (c) 2026 Frédéric MOMPEURT, Elea MOMPEURT https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Persistent symptoms of COVID-19, mental health troubles and dysfunctional breathing in healthcare workers: the PERSYCOVID study
Background: Healthcare workers (HCW) are particularly at risk of contamination by SARS-CoV-2 because of their exposure to high virus loads through patient contacts. The primary aim of our cross-sectional study was to assess persistent symptoms related to COVID-19 in healthcare workers (HCW). The secondary aim was to observe the influence of these symptoms on quality of life. Method: The survey was performed in 192 HCW and began in December 2021. Symptoms at the time of the diagnosis, at 15 days and 1, 3 and 6 months after the infection, anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) and dysfunctional breathing (Nijmegen questionnaire [NQ]) were collected. Results: Nearly all HCW (age 40.8±12.0 years, 79.6% female) were vaccinated (92%) and 18.7% were vaccinated before the infection. No HCW were without symptoms at the time of the infection. Fever, cough, fatigue, muscle ache, throat pain, headache, anosmia or ageusia and dyspnoea were temporarily experienced by more than 50% of the HCW. After 3 months, 48% of the responders still had at least 1 symptom. This proportion depended on the vaccination status (49.6% vs 15.4%, p=0.002). Anxiety, depression, and dysfunctional breathing were respectively found in 16, 8 and 24% of HCW. Vaccination status positively influenced anxiety (p=0.019) but not depression (p=0.114) or dysfunctional breathing (p=0.581). Discussion: After 3 months, 48% of the responders still had at least 1 symptom, which was positively influenced by the vaccination status. HCW presented anxiety (16%), depression (8%), and dysfunctional breathing (24%).
Copyright (c) 2026 Gregory Reychler, Jean-Cyr Yombi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Using dual-task effect for cognitive-motor change profiling – the Dual-Task Progress model
Dual task situations are very common in daily life. The cost of dual task condition has been widely used by researchers and clinicians to categorize individuals, as indicators of decline of functional capacities in older or persons with cognitive or motor disabilities. Moreover, the comparison between performances in single and dual tasks situations permits the calculation of the effect of dual task, which can be beneficial or detrimental for cognitive or motor tasks. Based on our results of a previous interventional study, we defined a dual task model analysis from the evolution of the effect of dual task after 12 weeks of exergaming in older adults. This approach led us to the proposal of a representation of dual task progress (DTP). This theorical model is sensitive to reliability of DT outcomes measurement and needs to be validate in the future.
Copyright (c) 2025 Matthieu Gallou-Guyot, Anne-Violette Bruyneel, Stéphane Mandigout, Anaick Perrochon https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Association between gait biomechanical changes after anterior cruciate ligament injury or reconstruction and the development of osteoarthritis: systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Background: Anterior cruciate ligament injuries and reconstruction have been shown to increase the risk of developing osteoarthritis of the knee. Several studies have looked at the association between gait biomechanics and early cartilage changes. Given the burden of osteoarthritis, it may be of interest to better understand factors that increase the risk of developing osteoarthritis after anterior cruciate ligament injury and/or reconstruction. Objective: This paper presents the protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at evaluating the existing literature that has investigated the relationship between biomechanical changes in gait after anterior cruciate ligament injury or reconstruction and the early onset of osteoarthritis. Methods: An electronic literature search will be conducted using the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, WEB OF SCIENCE, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus. Studies published in English and French will be included if they evaluate the association between biomechanical changes in gait following anterior cruciate ligament injury and/or reconstruction and the early onset of osteoarthritis, as assessed by biological markers or imaging criteria. Methodological quality will be assessed using the Downs And Black modified checklist. If there is sufficient homogeneity in the outcomes between studies, a meta-analysis will be performed. Conclusion: This will be the first systematic review to summarise the existing data on the association between biomechanical changes in gait following anterior cruciate ligament injury and/or reconstruction and the early onset of osteoarthritis, as assessed by biological markers or imaging criteria.
Anterior cruciate ligament, ACL injuries, ACL reconstruction, biomechanical phenomena, gait, osteoarthritis
Copyright (c) 2024 Matteo Campion, Jérôme Riera, Alexandre Rambaud, Thomas Néri, NC Duclos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Physiotherapists are pivotal in the care of people living with dementia
Copyright (c) 2024 Hans Hobbelen, Kate Lawler, Melanie Farlie, Bernadette Kroon, Jan Tessier, Janet Thomas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Training older adults to inhibit the automatic attraction to sedentary stimuli: A cognitive-bias-modification protocol
Background: To counteract the pandemic of physical inactivity, current interventions rely mainly on reflective processes that focus on increasing the motivation to be physically active. Yet, while these interventions successfully increase the intention to be active, their effect on actual behavior is weak. Recent findings in line with the theory of effort minimization in physical activity (TEMPA) suggest that this inability to turn the intention into action is explained by positive automatic reactions to stimuli associated with sedentary behaviors. These automatic reactions could be particularly strong in older adults, who are more likely to associate physical activity with fear, pain, or discomfort. Objective: The aim of this program is to test the effect of an intervention aiming to counteract their automatic attraction toward sedentary stimuli and to respond positively to physical-activity stimuli in older adults. Training older adults to inhibit the automatic attraction toward sedentary stimuli is hypothesized to increase physical activity, thereby contributing to improved physical functioning and quality of life. Methods: To test these hypotheses, older adults (≥ 60 years) will be enrolled in a controlled double-blinded study with 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up. Participants will be randomized (1:1 ratio) to receive a 12-session cognitive-bias modification training for 3-week based on a go / no-go task either in an experimental or a control condition (placebo). The primary outcome is the number of steps per week. Secondary outcomes include automatic approach-avoidance tendencies toward sedentary and physical activity stimuli, explicit affective attitudes toward physical activity, physical function, and quality of life. Discussion: The study is expected to inform public-health policies and improve interventions aiming to counteract the pandemic of physical inactivity.
Copyright (c) 2023 Ata Farajzadeh, Miriam Goubran, Layan Fessler, Boris Cheval, Zack Van Allen, Matthieu Boisgontier https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The ERPHAN research unit: pioneering pluridisciplinary research in rehabilitation in France
Copyright (c) 2024 Céline Bonnyaud, Loic Josseran, François Genêt, Djamel Bensmail, Christophe Kassel, Erik Domain, Samuel Pouplin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Importance of Health Policy and Systems Research for Strengthening Rehabilitation in Health Systems, A Call to Action to Accelerate Progress
Copyright (c) 2023 Walter R. Frontera, Wouter DeGroote, Abdul Ghaffar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The 6-Minute Stepper Test cannot be used to assess the functional exercise capacity in healthy children from 6 to 12 Years Old
Background: Assessing functional exercise capacity in children became important. This capacity may be assessed by different tests including submaximal test. The gold standard submaximal test in children is the six-minute walking test (6MWT). The main aim of this study was to establish the concurrent validity of the 6-minute stepper test (6MST) to assess the functional exercise capacity. The secondary objectives were to compare the change in cardio respiratory parameters between 6MST and 6MWT, and to determine the feasibility of the 6MST in healthy children. Methods: 53 healthy children were included in this cross-over randomized controlled trial. Subjects underwent in a random order the 6MST and 6MWT. The primary outcome was the number of steps during 6MST and the 6-minute walking distance (6MWD). The secondary outcomes were the pulse oxygen saturation and heart rate. Results: 6MWD and number of steps were not correlated (r=0.103; p=0.46). There was a significantly greater increase (p<0.001) in pulse heart rate values during the 6MWT than the stepper test (46.8 ± 17.5% vs 31.1 ± 18.3%). Moreover, no correlation between heart rate differences was found in both tests (r=0.139; p=0.32). Pulse oxygen saturation was clinically unchanged in both tests. All children were able to perform the 6MST completely. Conclusion: We could not demonstrate the concurrent validity of the 6MST to assess the functional exercise capacity. Moreover, 6MST and 6MWT have different cardio-pulmonary demands. However, we found that the 6MST is feasible in healthy children from 6 to 12 years old.
Copyright (c) 2024 Gregory Reychler, Marc Beaumont, Antoine Fremault, Giuseppe Liistro https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Cross-cultural adaptation of the Knowledge of Research Evidence Competencies questionnaire in French
Background: The Knowledge of Research Evidence Competencies questionnaire (K-REC) stands out as one of the only quick, easy to administer, valid and reliable tests to measure respondents’ actual evidence-based practice (EBP) knowledge. Such reliable and valid tools to assess actual EBP knowledge do not exist in French. Objective: The purpose of this study is to translate, cross-culturally adapt and validate the K-REC questionnaire to assess EBP knowledge in French languages. Methods: A committee of experts followed the five-step adaptation and validation process recommended in the guidelines to translate the K-REC from English to French. A preliminary psychometric test was conducted among 21 French physiotherapists (PT). Results: The respondents rated the instrument as being very clear (99% of the ratings). Members of the expert panel were in perfect agreement (Cohen’s kappa inter-rater coefficient equal to 1) in judging the instrument to be content valid (S-CVI/Ave = 1.00). Conclusion: The K-REC has been successfully adapted and validated in French. Pilot testing provided a preliminary description of internal reliability estimates and respondents’ scores. More complete descriptions of EBP among French health professions will be possible with this new instrument and contribute to the refinement of EBP training programs.
Copyright (c) 2024 Nadège Lemeunier, Sophie Entwistle, Benjamin Fraisse, Delphine Sorondo, Grégory Vigne, Arnaud Bruchard, Timothy Olds, Lucy Lewis, Vincent Fontanier https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Analysis of the reliability of the evaluation and scoring process for abstract submissions for the “Journées Francophones de la Kinésithérapie 2023”
Background The "Société Française de Physiothérapie" (SFP) organizes biennial conferences known as the "Journée Francophone de la Rééducation" (JFK) since 2007. The 2023 JFK's scientific committee invites researchers in rehabilitation and reeducation to submit their work prior to the conference. Submissions are evaluated by two reviewers using a predefined rating grid, determining acceptance for presentation. However, the reliability of this process has never been evaluated. Objective This study aims to assess the reliability and internal consistency of the JFK submission rating process conducted by the scientific committee. Method Each submission was evaluated blindly by two reviewers employing a standardized 47-item rating grid. The items were categorized into domains like methodology, relevance to physiotherapy, etc. Reliability was gauged using the Intraclass Coefficient Correlation (ICC) for final scores, Cohen's Kappa for individual grid items, and Cronbach Alpha for domain consistency. Results The reliability, measured by ICC, was poor (0.003 [CI95 = -0.003 ; 0.888]). None of the individual grid items' Cohen's Kappa exceeded 0.6. Out of 10 domains, 9 had a Cronbach Alpha above 0.7, indicating good consistency. However, 5 domains had an Alpha above 0.9, suggesting redundancy. Conclusion The JFK 2023 submission rating process displayed poor reliability. These findings can guide improvements for the JFK 2025 scientific committee, facilitating an enhanced assessment process.
Copyright (c) 2024 Jean-Philippe Deneuville, Matthieu Gallou-Guyot, Matthieu Guémann https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Physical therapists have a main role in Environmental Health
Copyright (c) 2023 Alexandre Kubicki https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
French translation and validation of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy - Health Professions Student version
Background: Jefferson Scale is one of the most widely used tools worldwide to assess empathy. The extended version for Health Professions Students (JSE HPS) have not yet been translated in French, one of the most widespread languages worldwide. Objective: The aim of our study was to translate the JSE HPS into French and assess the psychometric properties of this new version (JSE HPS Fr). Methods: The JSE HPS was translated according to international recommendations. The main psychometric qualities (test-retest reliability, internal consistency, floor and ceiling effects and construct validity) were studied in a sample of 408 University students in physyotherapy (161 males and 247 females; mean age: 21.3 years). Participants completed a battery of questionnaires including general questions (age, gender, year of study), the JSE HPS Fr and the Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy (QCAE). Participants were also asked to complete the JSE-HPS-Fr again one week later to assess its test-retest reliability. Results: The JSE HPS Fr demonstrated a good test-retest reliability for the total score (ICC=0.81) and a good internal consistency (α Cronbach: 0.79). The JSE HPS also showed good convergent validity with the QCAE questionnaire (r=0.41, p<0.05). No floor or ceiling effects were observed. Conclusions: The results indicate that the JSE HPS Fr is a valid and reliable tool to assess the level of empathy of French-speaking physiotherapy students.
Copyright (c) 2023 Charlotte Beaudart https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Recommendation for stiffness measurement on gastrocnemii and Achilles tendon at rest and in loaded conditions
Background: It is challenging to offer both clinically accessible and reproductible musculotendinous stiffness assessment in patient. This is particularly challenging in the ankle plantar flexor such as the gastrocnemii and the Achilles tendon as they are important in both walking and running. Design: cross-sectional studies Objectives: to determine the most reliable and clinically relevant stiffness point of measurement for gastrocnemii and Achilles tendon Methods: The stiffness were calculated using MyotonPro device on both legs in healthy individuals. Four points of measurement were taken in the Achilles tendon and six on the gastrocnemii. In addition, the measurements were taken in two conditions, at rest, i.e., in lying condition and loaded, i.e., standing. All participants were measured during sessions with one week apart to report intra- and inter- reliability. Results: The result reported moderate to excellent intraclass correlation coefficient in the lying condition with Intraclass coefficient between 0.735 and 0.933 depending on the location. However, in standing condition, result reported poor to good measurement for the Achilles tendon (between 0.000 and 0.636) and excellent reliability for the gastrocnemii (between 0.902 and 0.986). Conclusion: Researcher and clinician should take caution when assessing the Achilles tendon stiffness. The Achilles tendon should be assessed at least 6 cm above the bone insertion as is procure the most reliable point of measurement and the only point that could be reassess between days.
Copyright (c) 2024 Anh Phong Nguyen, Julien Verdebout, Antoine Fontaine, Professor P. Mahaudens, Professor C. Detrembleur https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Kinematic and Neuromuscular Deficiencies Phenotypes Associated With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome : a Cross-sectional Interventional Study Protocol
Background: The physiopathology of PFPS is multifactorial and includes static and dynamic dysfunctions which have not been fully elucidated to date. Among numerous classifications, a pragmatic classification distinguishes 3 major clinical phenotypes: PFPS with objective displacement of the patella, PFPS with extra-patellar alignment problem and PFPS without alignment problems. The relationships between the clinical and biomechanical factors are still unclear. Objective : The primary aim of this study is to describe and compare the kinematic deficiencies specifically associated with each of the 3 main clinical phenotypes. The secondary aim is to describe and compare neuromuscular deficiencies, postural and proprioceptive associated with each of the 3 main clinical phenotypes. Method: PHENOPAT is a comparative, non-randomized study. We will use the KneeKG device (EMOVI) to assess the 3D knee rotations, EoS Imaging to assess femoro-tibial alignment and isokinetic device to measure hip abductor, quadriceps and hamstrings muscle strength and endurance. The unipodal static and dynamic stability will be assessed by the Y test and posturography. We will compare the kinematic deficiencies using a rank comparison or a mean comparison test between 2 groups or between 3 groups according to the distribution of participants between the groups. Discussion: We expect to observe specific biomechanical factors correlated with each main clinical phenotypes. We wish that will help to enable a more specific diagnosis and treatment.
Copyright (c) 2024 Marvin Coleman, Dorian Sweidy, Camille Daste, Nicola Hagemeister , François Rannou, Marie-Martine Lefèvre-Colau, Alexandra Roren https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Do Physiotherapy Interventions on the Ankle have an Impact on the Balance of the Olders adults? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Background and purpose: Falling and its disastrous consequences in the aging population are a public health issue in terms of both morbidity and mortality. Several authors put forward the hypothesis that increasing the range of motion or the muscular strength of the ankle could improve balance in this population. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to gather data to evaluate the effect of those two entities on static and dynamic balance. Methods: Databases as well as grey literature were systematically searched from inception until May 2023. A level of evidence and the corresponding GRADE approach were attributed. Meta-analysis included subgroup analyses to determine the effect of techniques that aim to improve ankle ROM and techniques to strengthen ankle muscles Results: Among the 884 studies collected, 10 randomized trials were included for the qualitative analysis and 8 for the meta-analysis. The mean PEDro score was 4.8/10 [3-6]. The GRADE approach revealed low to moderate certainty for static balance in relation to ankle ROM interventions, moderate for static balance in relation to ankles trengthening interventions and low to moderate for dynamic balance in relation to ankle ROM interventions. The meta-analysis points out an improvement for staticbalance with grade III and IV ankle mobilization (pooled SMD = 2.06; 95% CI = 0.15 to3.97; P = 0.03). Conclusion: Among the different techniques used on the ankle, only passive mobilizations seems to improve static balance. All of the results have to be considered with caution on account of high heterogeneity.
Copyright (c) 2024 Florent Boivin, France MOUREY, Alexandre Kubicki https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The construct validity of the Ricci and Gagnon questionnaire to assess the physical activity level: a prospective study
Background: The level of physical activity gained in interest in the medical field in the last decades. It can be notably assessed by questionnaires, which require their previous validation. The Ricci and Gagnon is one of them but it has never been validated. The aim of this study was to verify the construct validity of the Ricci-Gagnon questionnaire to assess the physical activity level. Method: Healthy subjects answered to the Ricci-Gagnon questionnaire as the evaluated questionnaire and the IPAQ-short form reflecting the physical activity level as the evaluated construct. These questionnaires were scored as recommended. Results: 93 subjects were analyzed. The age was inversely correlated to the Ricci and Gagnon (rho = -0.223, p = 0.033) and the total IPAQ scores (rho = -0.206, p = 0.049). The total score obtained to the Ricci and Gagnon questionnaire was positively correlated to the total weekly physical activity intensity determined by the IPAQ short-form (rho=0.565, p<0.001). This score was also separately correlated to the MET-minutes within the three independent physical activity intensity levels with an increase of the correlation strength with the intensity (rho=0.548 (p=<0.001), rho=0.383 (p<0.001), rho=0.281, (p=0.007)). There was poor agreement between the assessment of the physical activity level by the two questionnaires (κ = 0.203 (95%CI: 0.050 to 0.356) (p=0.001)). The percentage of exact agreement was 58.1%. There was an influence of the age-group on the agreement. Conclusion: This study verified the construct validity of the Ricci and Gagnon to assess the energy expenditure associated to the physical activities in people under 40 years old.
Copyright (c) 2023 Gregory Reychler, Anne-Sophie Petit, Gilles Caty, Frank Aboubakar, Giuseppe Liistro, Antoine Fremault, Marc Beaumont https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0